The bracelets are being tested to see if they can pick up when students are bored in classes.(Agencies) |
Microsoft supremo Bill Gates wants to fit school students with mood bracelets to measure how interested they are in their lessons. The Bill and Melinda Gates foundation is spending $1.1 million (£700,000) testing galvanic skin response bracelets to see if they can measure whether students find their teachers engaging. The move is part of the billionaire’s mission to evaluate and improve the quality of teachers, which has already included controversial initiatives such as fitting classrooms with video cameras. The bracelets measure how well the skin conducts electricity, which varies with its moisture level. Sweat glands are controlled by the nervous system so skin conductance can be used as an indication of emotional response. Some US teachers and commentators have been less than impressed with the plan. ‘Why would anybody spent money on this when some school systems can’t afford to pay their electric bills?’ Education blogger Valerie Strauss wrote in the Washington Post. ‘The obsession with measurement in data and school reform has reached nutty new heights.' Teacher Anthony Cody, writing in Education Week, commented: ‘The wonderful thing about having human beings as teachers is that we are naturally empathetic. We do not need galvanic skin sensors to detect when our students are drowsy or disinterested -- we can look around the room in an instant and know!’ Others have pointed out limitations with the bracelets, including that they are not able to tell whether a student was responding to their teacher or something a friend whispers in their ear. The bracelets are also so far unable to distinguish whether a heightened response is due to excitement or anxiety, and whether a drop in response is due to relaxation or boredom. The amount Bill Gates has spent on evaluating the bracelets is already more than $1.1 million. Clemson University has been given almost $500,000 (£320,000) to run a pilot study ‘which will determine the feasibility and utility of using such devices regularly in schools with students and teachers.’ The National Center on Time and Learning was given more than $620,000 ($400,000) to assess the effectiveness of the bracelets by comparing them with MRI scans, and work out a scale that would pinpoint how engaged a student was in lessons. (Read by Nelly Min. Nelly Min is a journalist at the China Daily Website.) (Agencies) |
微軟創(chuàng)始人比爾-蓋茨正研制一款適用于學(xué)生的“情緒手鐲”,來(lái)檢測(cè)他們對(duì)上課內(nèi)容有多感興趣。 比爾及梅琳達(dá)?蓋茨基金會(huì)將花費(fèi)110萬(wàn)美元(合70萬(wàn)英鎊)測(cè)試皮膚電反應(yīng)手鐲,看其是否能夠衡量出學(xué)生對(duì)授課內(nèi)容的興趣。 這是蓋茨評(píng)估并改進(jìn)教師素質(zhì)的項(xiàng)目的一部分,該項(xiàng)目還包括一些具有爭(zhēng)議的舉措,比如在課堂里安裝攝像機(jī)。 這種手鐲可以測(cè)試出皮膚導(dǎo)電的能力,而這種導(dǎo)電能力在不同濕度下會(huì)有變化。 人體的汗腺是受神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)控制的,因此可以用皮膚電傳導(dǎo)來(lái)衡量情緒反饋。 美國(guó)一些教師和評(píng)論員則對(duì)這項(xiàng)研究計(jì)劃持有異議。 教育博客博主瓦萊麗-施特勞斯在《華盛頓郵報(bào)》的一篇文章中寫(xiě)道:“有些學(xué)校連電費(fèi)都付不起,為什么還有人會(huì)花錢研究這個(gè)?” “對(duì)于用數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行衡量和學(xué)校改革的癡迷已經(jīng)達(dá)到了狂熱的新高度?!?/p> 教師安東尼-科迪在《每周教育》中評(píng)論到:“人為教學(xué)的好處就在于我們當(dāng)然都是感性的。我們不需要皮膚電流傳感器來(lái)檢測(cè)學(xué)生什么時(shí)候昏昏欲睡,什么時(shí)候不感興趣。我們環(huán)顧一下教室就知道了!” 還有些人指出了這種手鐲的局限性,比如通過(guò)手鐲無(wú)法得知學(xué)生的反饋是針對(duì)老師的授課內(nèi)容,還是好友的竊竊私語(yǔ)。 目前,這款手鐲無(wú)法區(qū)分出反饋效果增強(qiáng)是出于學(xué)生的興奮還是焦慮,也無(wú)法分辨出反饋程度的降低是出于學(xué)生的放松還是厭倦。 比爾-蓋茨用于評(píng)估這款手鐲的經(jīng)費(fèi)已經(jīng)超過(guò)110萬(wàn)美元。 克萊蒙森大學(xué)已接受大約50萬(wàn)美元投資(合32萬(wàn)英鎊),用于開(kāi)展一項(xiàng)初步研究,這項(xiàng)研究“將決定在學(xué)校和老師中間定期使用這種手鐲的可行性和實(shí)用性?!?/p> 美國(guó)時(shí)間與學(xué)習(xí)中心已接受了超過(guò)62萬(wàn)美元(合40萬(wàn)英鎊)資金,與核磁共振成像進(jìn)行比較,用來(lái)評(píng)估手鐲的效用,并制定出評(píng)價(jià)學(xué)生在課上用心程度的等級(jí)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。 相關(guān)閱讀 白宮“故意”泄露國(guó)家機(jī)密 FBI介入調(diào)查 美國(guó)一小鎮(zhèn)遭污染變“毒鎮(zhèn)” 僅剩唯一住戶 (中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)網(wǎng)英語(yǔ)點(diǎn)津 Julie 編輯:陳丹妮) |
Vocabulary: supremo: 主管,最高領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人 empathetic: 移情作用的,感情移入的 |